Louis W. Hill, Jr., was named a founder at age 4. CONTENT MAY BE COPYRIGHTED BY WIKITREE COMMUNITY MEMBERS. By 1889, Hill decided that his future lay in expanding into a transcontinental railroad. By all accounts, Hill was a hands-on, detail-obsessed manager. In St. Paul, the city's main library building and the adjoining Hill Business Library were funded by him. In 1864 Hill met a waitress who was working at the Merchants Hotel in St. Paul, where he often ate. Collecting the royalties required very little investment, beyond the initial price. The key to the Great Northern line was Hill's use of the previously unmapped Marias Pass. He was soon made the General Manager of the newly formed St. Paul, Minneapolis, and Manitoba Railway Co. Hill recruited hundreds of immigrants and developed mini homesteads in Dakota and Montana that helped in building markets; he used the railways as a means of commuting immigrants from one place to another. He knew that the multiplying profits would soon find its way under the Federal Governments scanner, and so he used his profits wisely. A childhood accident with a bow and arrow blinded him in the right eye. Workers went on strike that year. As he bought smaller lines, his wealth and power expanded greatly. In 1870, he and his partners started the Red River Transportation Company, which offered steam boat transportation between St. Paul and Winnipeg. Hill and his railway are mentioned in the Harry McClintock song "Hallelujah, I'm a Bum.". Mary Theresa Mehegan was born in New York City on July 1, 1846. In 1891, after three years of building, construction was completed on a new Hill family home on Summit Avenue in St. Paul. It was obtained by the Minnesota Historical Society in 1978 and today is operated as a museum and gallery. However, Hill, without the benefit of a central company, managed to acquire the Colorado and Southern Railway lines into Texas, and to build the Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway. Many speculators, who had sold Northern Pacific "short" in the anticipation of a drop in the railroad's price, faced ruin. He loved reading and also took to poetry. In 1867, James J. Hill married Mary Theresa Mehegan, born in 1846 in New York City. After the first punishing year of World War I, the Allied Powers desperately needed financial support to continue the war effort. For James Hill it was a golden opportunity. Between 1883 and 1889, Hill built his railroads across Minnesota, into Wisconsin, and across North Dakota to Montana. For decades, much of Minnesota's Mesabi Range was. To promote settlement and revenue for his rail business, Hill experimented with agriculture and worked to hybridize Russian wheat for Dakota soil and weather conditions. Hills son Louis persuaded him to buy it, Brunfelt said. Hillsboro, North Dakota; Hill County, Montana; and Hillyard, Washington[23] (now a neighborhood of Spokane), are named for him. After working as a clerk in Kentucky (during which he learned bookkeeping), Hill decided to permanently move to the United States and settled in St. Paul, Minnesota, at the age of 18. With the end of the iron ore trust, any royalties that flow from the mines will now head in another direction. Theres really no other trust like it., Yet there was another reason, at a time of rising public resentment toward wealthy industrialists and grim conditions at the mines. Hillwas acknowledged for his discreet business skills but he also had a deep regard for art. American railroad promoter and financier (18381916), The Northern Pacific and the "short squeeze" of 1901, The Hill Lines survive the trust-busting era, Claire Strom, "Among Friends: The Power of Ethnicity in the Great Northern Railway Corporation,", Don L. Hofsommer, "Ore Docks and Trains: The Great Northern Railway and the Mesabi Range,", Frank Leonard, "Railroading a Renegade: Great Northern Ousts John Hendry in Vancouver,", Webvideo:James J. Hill and the Building of the Stone Arch Bridge, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis, National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum, James J. Hill and the Building of His Railroad Empire, Harry Elmer Barnes: The World War of 19141918, Great Northern Lofts - Condo and Loft Directory, "James Hill legacy a wealth of information", "James J. Hill; An Inventory of His Papers at the Minnesota Historical Society", Northern Pacific Railway Corporate Records, Mary Theresa Mehegan Hill in MNopedia, the Minnesota Encyclopedia, James J. Hill in MNopedia, the Minnesota Encyclopedia, The Destruction of a Wealth and Jobs Creator by Parasitical-Elites, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_J._Hill&oldid=1127524764, 19th-century American railroad executives, 20th-century American railroad executives, Pre-Confederation Canadian businesspeople, Canadian people of Ulster-Scottish descent, Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad people, Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada), Businesspeople from Saint Paul, Minnesota, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating citation to the NSRW, Wikipedia articles incorporating citation to the NSRW with an wstitle parameter, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Mary Francis Hill Hill (18691947), who married, Clara Anne Hill Lindley (18731947), who married, Katherine Theresa Hill (18751876) (died in infancy), Charlotte Elizabeth Hill Slade (18771923), who married, Rachel Hill Boeckmann (18811967), who married. In order to ensure that he did not lose his patronage during the crisis, Hill lowered rail tariff shipping rates for farmers and gave credit to many of the businesses he owned so they could continue paying their workers. When there was not enough industry in the areas Hill was building, Hill brought the industry in, often by buying out a company and placing plants along his railroad lines. uis Warren Hill, Clara Anne Lindley (born Hill), Katherine Theresa Katie Hill, Charlotte Elizabeth Slade (born Hill), Ruth Beard Heidsiec Sep 16 1838 - Eramosa Township Wellington County Ontario, May 29 1916 - St. Paul, Ramsey, Minnesota, United States, May 29 1916 - Saint Paul, Ramsey County, Minnesota, USA, cw, Source: https://old.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=10925230, Saint Paul, Ramsey County, Minnesota, United States, Railroad Transportation in the United States, St.tsar-NikolayII/St.Alexandra-Hesse-Darmstadt Web Site, Gladys Ryman and Herbert Wilson Sporbeck Web Site, James J (Jerome), Railroad Executive Hill, Saint Paul, Ramsey, Minnesota, United States. discoveries. And once they did, it led to soul-searching about how to handle it. It was there that he studied algebra, mathematics, geometry, land surveying and English. "Minnesota Deaths and Burials, 1835-1990," index and database. Largest Database of New Mexico Mugshots. After amassing a personal fortune estimated at $63 million and over $200 million in related assets, James J. Hill died in his Summit Avenue home on May 29, 1916, one of the wealthiest and most powerful figures of Americas Gilded Age. He was general manager (1879-1882) and president (1883-1890) of the St. Paul, Minneapolis and Manitoba Railway Company. Louis Jr. was just 4 years old when the trust was created. Tom Webb can be reached at 651-228-5428. The winners of that truce were Hill and Morgan, who immediately formed the Northern Securities Company with the aim of tying together their three major rail lines. Because of vandals and curious admirers, both graves were later moved to Resurrection Cemetery in Mendota Heights for safer keeping. The 1887 building was converted between 2000 and 2004 to a 53 unit condo in the Historic Lowertown District of St. Paul. Nearing the century mark, downtown St. Paul's James J. Hill Center to close in July. Although Great Northern and Northern Pacific were backed by J. P. Morgan and James J. Hill, the Union Pacific was backed not only by its president, Edward H. Harriman, but by the extremely powerful William Rockefeller and Jacob Schiff. In St. Paul, the city's main library building and the adjoining Hill Business Library were funded by him. The couple tied the knot in 1867, their marriage brought ten children into the world, of which one (Katherine) died in infancy. Thus, the knowledge he amassed in the academy was put to use in order to establish his business later in life. During the Panic of 1873, St. James Jerome Hill was born near Guelph, Ontario on September 16, 1838. Home; Our Practice; Services; What to expect. Mr. Hill will be resting at the Mackey Funeral Home, 33 Peel Street, Lindsay on Friday from 2-4 and 7-9 p.m. Funeral service in the chapel on Saturday, May 31st at 10:00 a.m. Interment at Riverside Cemetery, Lindsay. The StP&P in particular was caught in an almost hopeless legal muddle. In an interview during his last few years, he was questioned on what led him to rule the railway empire, to which he diligently replied, Work, hard work, intelligent work, and then more work. Certainly, nothing came easy for him; he overcame the toughest challenges life could fling at him and yet went on to establish the Great Northern Railroad. His life is the perfect example of a journey from obscurity to fame. She received education at St. Marys Institute of Notre Dame. [2], Because of his previous experiences in shipping and fuel supply, Hill was able to enter both the coal and steamboat businesses. Louis Warren Hill (May 19, 1872- April 27, 1948), was an American railroad executive. Revealing for the first time a story hidden from public view for a century, award-winning historian James A. Stolpestad and the Ramsey County Historical Society present the history of the Great Northern Iron Ore Properties mining trust formed in 1906 by James J. Hill and Louis W. Hill to acquire, manage, and lease 67,000 acres on Minnesota's 100-mile long Mesabi Range. https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/james-j-hill-138.php. Mary Hill Hill, who married Samuel Hill of Washington D.C. & Seattle. He was the chief executive officer of a family of lines headed by the Great Northern Railway, which served a substantial area of the Upper Midwest, the northern Great Plains, and Pacific Northwest. Through this work, he learned all aspects of the freight and transportation business. Born In: Eramosa Township, Ontario, Upper Canada, Spouse/Ex-: Mary Theresa Mehegan (m. 1867), children: Charlotte Hill Slade, Clara Hill Lindley, Gertrude Hill Gavin, James N. Hill, Katherine, Louis W. Hill, Mary Hill Hill, Rachel Hill Boeckmann, Ruth Hill Beard, Walter Jerome Hill, See the events in life of James J. Hill in Chronological Order, (Canadian-American railroad executive, Businessman). With these friendly relations established, Hill managed to secure the industrializing Japanese order for 15,000 tons of rails against competition from England and Belgium. Even with treatment from the best of doctors, he found no relief. For James Hill it was a golden opportunity. He was within 40,000 shares of control when Hill learned of Harriman's activities and quickly contacted J. P. Morgan, who ordered his men to buy everything they could get their hands on. But in a nod to the unique situation, she wrote, This is truly uncharted territory; there is no map the trustees can consult.. Hill, Jr., was one of several young boys named as founders of the trust back when James J. Hill was alive, to keep the trust going for many years. Paul. The Hills shrewdly included a group of children among the founders, insuring the trust would last a very long time. Father of Marie Francis Hill; James Norman Hill; Louis Warren Hill; Clara Anne Lindley; Charlotte Elizabeth Slade and 5 others; Gertrude T Gavin; Walter Jerome Hill; Katherine Hill died young; Ruth Heidsieck and Rachel Boeckmann less Over 400 workers labored on the project. The StP&P in particular was caught in an almost hopeless legal muddle. The move was politically unpopular and in clear violation of Minnesota statutes. This ended Hill's ability to maintain competitive rates in Asian countries and in the subsequent two years American trade with Japan and China dropped 40% (or $41 million). The 14-story building cost $14 million to construct. A truce had to be called between the warring teams following which Hill and Morgan joined hands to stabilise the share market. The Great Northern bought its lands from the federal governmentit received no land grantsand resold them to farmers at cheap prices. With his astute judgments and haggling skills, he managed to recover it from bankruptcy and even expanded the rails. Hill's heirs established the James J. Hill Reference Library in St. Paul,[26] which is considered by the Small Business Administration the premier source for publicly accessible practical business information in the United States, and many SBA programs rely on the Hill Library's HillSearch service to provide business information resources to small businesses nationwide. What was initially considered Hills folly by many turned into his biggest success. Enter a grandparent's name. It was a bitter blow to Hill, and the decision marked the role the federal government would often take in breaking up corporate monopolies in the 20th century. He ousted its president John Hendry, thereby worsening the problems, prolonging the delays, and adding to the costs of taking over the VW&Y. He bought out plenty of bankrupt businesses during this time, reformed them and sold them off at great profit. Mary Hill died in 1922 and was buried next to her husband by the shore of Pleasant Lake (North Oaks, Minnesota) on their North Oaks farm. ; and Pittsburgh. [18] Hill also wanted control of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy railroad because of its Midwestern lines and access to Chicago. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. Over 400 workers labored on the project. For three years, Hill researched the StP&P and finally concluded that it would be possible to make a good deal of money off the StP&P, provided that the initial capital could be found. Constantly updated. It is still active, and if you add the Hibbing Taconite Pit to it, it stretches for five miles now, Brunfelt said. Said Brunfelt, the Iron Range historian, The Great Northern (Railway) is one of the great success stories in American history, the only transcontinental railroad built by an individual, which is astonishing when you think of it. It closed at $8.10 a share, roughly what shareholders can expect in a final payout. Hills Great Northern, McCormack added, profited on all sides, from the ore itself, and the transporting of it by rail to Duluth, and then by ship because it went on Hills ships. The Great Northern Railway and the Northern Pacific tried to merge four times, in 1896, 1901, 1927, and 1955. Because of these measures, Hill not only stayed in business, but also increased the net worth of his railroad by nearly $10 million. Drawing on his experience in the development of Minnesota's Iron Range, Hill was, during 19111912, in close contact with Gaspard Farrer of Baring Brothers & Company of London regarding the formation of the Brazilian Iron Ore Company to tap that nation's rich mineral deposits. James Jerome Hill Mary Theresa Mehegan Hill Mary Frances (Mamie) James Norman (Jimmy) Louis Warren Clara Ann The messy legal battle between North Oaks and the city's founding family and master developer the heirs of legendary St. Paul railroad magnate James J. Hill is finally over. Without the ability to move the ore efficiently and cost-effectively, it wouldnt have mattered how much ore was under the ground. Upon completion of the Summit Avenue residence, Hill had the family's old house, which he had constructed in 1878, razed. 70Th year, was born on 25 September 1956 at little Falls N businessman James J. of. His ability to ride out the depression garnered him fame and admiration. The trust never did any mining itself; it only collected royalties. What to expect; First visit; FAQ; Eramosa Township, Upper Canada, British North America, Saint Paul, Ramsey, Minnesota, United States, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_J._Hill&oldid=707800972, http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/hill_james_jerome_14E.html, Persons of National Historic Significance. Follow him at twitter.com/TomWebbMN. Paul and Pacific Railroad encountered huge losses and was bankrupt. He had nine years of formal schooling. Its a tale of high finance and amazing fortune, befitting St. Pauls larger-than-life railroad baron. Between 1883 and 1889, Hill built his railroads across Minnesota, into Wisconsin, and across North Dakota to Montana. He may have considered himself fortunate to receive good education, but destiny spat misfortune his way, when his father passed away. Opened as the James . Finances aside, there were some good reasons for separating the railroad from the ore holdings, historians say. Paul and Pacific Railroad. Because Hill created a property-holding trust, it had to follow laws insuring that property is controlled by the living, not the dead. He even sold wood to farmers in order to encourage them to buy his wheat. More About MAURICE EARL HILL: Hill was a supporter of free trade and was one of the few supporters of free trade with Canada. St. Paul, MN 55102 Cook St. Paul is no more. Hill's top aides were careless about details, bookkeeping, correspondence, and reports.[17]. But getting the freight revenue required a massive investment in track, machinery, land and manpower. In his room, in the southeast corner on the second floor of the brownstone house, overlooking the city to which he came sixty years ago as a clerk, the end came. The net worth of the company jumped from $728,000 in 1880 to $25,000,000 in 1885. Instead, it's for his lesser-known role as an iron ore magnate. A childhood accident with a bow and arrow blinded him in the right eye. He had a massive collection of French landscape paintings whichspanned two floors of his Summit Avenue mansion. Those iron ore holdings had grown so lucrative that Hill wanted to avoid the charge of earning too much money, according to an authorized company history, The Great Northern Railway.. By the time he had finished, he was adept at math, land surveying, and English. Most people didnt know anything about it, unless they were investors themselves and worked for investment companies. Because of the size of this region and the economic dominance exerted by the Hill lines, Hill became known during his lifetime as The Empire Builder. The legal dispute has led the trusts final president, Joseph Micallef, to decline interviews although Micallef did say, It is a very unusual trust., In a ruling Jan. 26, 2015, Judge Margaret Marrinan sided with the trust. Four of the daughters were married in the mansion, and five children later had homes on Summit Avenue. The $400-million merger consolidated all major rail lines in the northwest quarter of the nation. From 1937 to 1951, Mr. Hill served in the Minnesota House of Representatives. He was within 40,000 shares of control when Hill learned of Harriman's activities and quickly contacted J. P. Morgan, who was on vacation in Europe at the time. Hill was an avid collector and patron of the arts. By the time of his death in 1916, James J. Hill was worth more than $53 million (equal to more than $1,319,813,456 today). He was the only businessman to make a hefty profit even during the time of depression. Under his management, StPM&M prospered. Though a Protestant, Hill maintained a strong philanthropic relationship with the Catholic Church in St. Paul and throughout the northwest. [12] The rapidly increasing settlement in North Dakota's Red River Valley along the Minnesota border between 1871 and 1890 was a major example of large-scale "bonanza" farming. In May 1879, the St. Paul, Minneapolis, and Manitoba Railway Co. (StPM&M) formedwith James J. Hill as general manager. He never really explained that the (railroads) major stockholders were the founding partners and their families so it really didnt cause them any harm financially., (But it did allow Hill in 1907 to testify, somewhat disingenuously, that he hadnt made the value of a postage stamp, directly or indirectly, out of the transaction. A truer account came in 1912, when Hill told a congressional committee that the land hed bought for $4 million would yield $750 million in iron ore.). Hill was represented by, among others, the law firm headed by Frank B. Kellogg. The threat of a real economic panic loomed. Although Great Northern and Northern Pacific were backed by J. P. Morgan and James J. Hill, the Union Pacific was backed not only by its president, Edward H. Harriman, but by the extremely powerful William Rockefeller and Jacob Schiff. The pass had initially been described by Lewis and Clark in 1805, but no one since had been able to find it so Hill hired Santiago Jameson to search it out. In time, Hill had gained control of the Great Northern, Northern Pacific, and the Burlington railroads. At nine, he started receiving formal education.His father could not afford to pay his school fees, but a benevolent head master at the Rockwood Academy let him receive free education. Meanwhile, nearly every other transcontinental railroad went bankrupt. [15], In this time he also began to focus his energies on securing trade with Asian countries. Politically, Hill was a Bourbon Democrat. During the winter months when the Mississippi River was frozen and steamboats could not run, Hill started bidding on other contracts and won several. The Great Northern Iron Ore Properties trust finally terminated on April 6, 2015, a century after Hills death, and its shares stopped trading on the New York Stock Exchange. Having done community building through foundation work and governmental work, he found another way to build a community by creating the unique North . It was designed by James Brodie, who also built the Hill house on Summit Avenue. That handoff has been the subject of a dispute in Ramsey County District Court, mostly about the timing of the handover. 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